Rabbi's Musings

I am an admirer of the great stoics of centuries ago, such as Epictetus. As a rabbi, it may seem strange to follow the teachings of pagans, but there are a lot of similarities in Jewish and Greek wisdom. Stoicism and Jewish ethics, though emerging from distinct cultural and philosophical contexts, share profound parallels in their approach to virtue, self-discipline, and the pursuit of a meaningful life. Stoicism, a school of Hellenistic philosophy founded in the 3rd century BCE, emphasizes living in harmony with nature, cultivating reason, and mastering one’s emotions. Jewish ethics, deeply rooted in Torah teachings and rabbinic tradition, focuses on aligning human behavior with divine will through justice, compassion, and moral responsibility.

Both Stoicism and Jewish ethics prioritize virtue as the ultimate goal of life. For Stoics, virtue is living in accordance with reason and nature, embodying qualities like courage, wisdom, temperance, and justice. In Jewish ethics, virtue is closely tied to the mitzvot (commandments), which guide individuals in ethical conduct, fostering a life of holiness and service to others.

Stoicism advocates freedom from destructive emotions—through rational understanding and acceptance of what lies beyond human control. This echoes the Jewish ethical focus on trust in God, which encourages believers to accept divine providence with equanimity, even amid suffering. Both systems teach that inner peace arises from focusing on what one can change while entrusting the rest to a higher order, whether nature or God.

While Stoicism often emphasizes individual moral development, it also acknowledges the importance of contributing to the common good. Jewish ethics places an even greater emphasis on communal obligations, underscored by principles like tzedakah and tikkun olam. Both traditions view ethical living as inherently tied to the welfare of others.

Despite their different origins, Stoicism and Jewish ethics share a remarkable resonance in their moral teachings. Both advocate for self-discipline, virtuous living, and a commitment to the greater good. Both systems guide me, and they may very well guide you!